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Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas. The Games on Demand version supports English, French, Italian, German, and Spanish Five years ago, Carl Johnson escaped from the pressures of life in Los Santos, San Andreas, a city tearing itself apart with gang trouble, drugs and corruption. Where filmstars and millionaires do their best to avoid the dealers and gangbangers. His mother has been murdered, his family has fallen apart and his childhood friends are all heading towards disaster. On his return to the neighborhood, a couple of corrupt cops frame him for homicide. CJ is forced on a journey that takes him across the entire state of San Andreas, to save his family and to take control of the streets. Non- transferable access to special features such as exclusive/unlockable/downloadable/online content, services, or functions, such as multiplayer services or bonus content, may require single- use serial code, additional fee, and/or online account registration (1. Access to special features may require internet connection, may not be available to all users or at all times, and may, upon 3. Violation of EULA, Code of Conduct, or other policies may result in restriction or termination of access to game or online account. For customer & tech support visit rockstargames. For information about online services, fees, restrictions, or software license terms that may apply to this game, please visit www. Multi Theft Auto is a modification for Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas for PC that allows you to play it online against players around the world. See EULA www. rockstargames. Terms of Service www. Rockstar Games, Rockstar North, the R* logo, Grand Theft Auto and the Grand Theft Auto logo are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of Take- Two Interactive Software, Inc. Grand Theft Auto V - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Grand Theft Auto V is an open worldaction- adventurevideo game developed by Rockstar North and published by Rockstar Games. It was released on 1. September 2. 01. 3 for the Play. Station 3 and Xbox 3. November 2. 01. 4 for the Play. O jogo se passa no estado fict. The Ballad of Gay Tony: GTA: Chinatown Wars: The Lost and Damned: Grand Theft Auto IV: Vice City Stories: Liberty City Stories: GTA: San Andreas: GTA: Advance: GTA: Vice City: Grand Theft Auto III: GTA: London 1969: Grand. For Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas on the PlayStation 2, GameFAQs has 77 FAQs (game guides and walkthroughs), 235 cheat codes and secrets, 103 reviews, 102 critic reviews, 50 save games, and 66 user screenshots. Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas se desarrolla en el a. Rockstar North began to develop Grand Theft Auto V in 2009, following Grand Theft Auto IV's release. Development was conducted by a team of more than 1,000 people, including Rockstar North's core team and staff from parent. Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas is an open world action-adventure video game with role-playing and stealth elements developed by Rockstar North and published by Rockstar Games. It was released on 26 October 2004 for the. Het spel speelt zich af in San Andreas. Dit was in de originele Grand Theft Auto de tweede stad, gebaseerd op San Francisco, maar in GTA San Andreas is het een complete staat met drie grote steden en een tiental. Station 4 and Xbox One, and on 1. April 2. 01. 5 for Microsoft Windows. The game is the first main entry in the Grand Theft Auto series since 2. Grand Theft Auto IV. Set within the fictional state of San Andreas, based on Southern California, the single- player story follows three criminals and their efforts to commit heists while under pressure from a government agency. The open world design lets players freely roam San Andreas's open countryside and fictional city of Los Santos, based on Los Angeles. The game is played from either a first- person or third- person view and its world is navigated on foot or by vehicle. Players control the three lead protagonists throughout single- player and switch between them both during and outside of missions. The story is centred on the heist sequences, and many missions involve shooting and driving gameplay. Grand Theft Auto Online, the online multiplayer mode, lets up to 3. Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas Xbox 360 cheats, codes, tips, hints, secrets, achievements. GTA 5 / GTA V / Grand Theft Auto 5 - GTA Macreators vous propose de d! Development began soon after Grand Theft Auto IV's release and was shared between many of Rockstar's studios worldwide. The development team drew influence from many of their previous projects such as Red Dead Redemption and Max Payne 3, and designed the game around three lead protagonists to innovate on the core structure of its predecessors. Much of the development work constituted the open world's creation, and several team members conducted field research around California to capture footage for the design team. The game's soundtrack features an original score composed by a team of producers who collaborated over several years. Extensively marketed and widely anticipated, the game broke industry sales records and became the fastest- selling entertainment product in history, earning US $8. US $1 billion in its first three days. It received widespread critical acclaim, with praise directed at its multiple protagonist design, open world, presentation and gameplay. It caused controversies related to its depiction of women and a mission featuring torture during a hostage interrogation. Considered one of seventh generation console gaming's most significant titles, and by many critics and gamers to be one of the best games ever made, it won year- end accolades including Game of the Year awards from several gaming publications. It has shipped over 6. Gameplay. Grand Theft Auto V is an action- adventure game. Composed of the San Andreas open countryside area and the fictional city of Los Santos, the world is much larger in area than earlier entries in the series. If players commit crimes while playing, law enforcement agencies may respond as indicated by a . The meter enters a cooldown mode and eventually recedes when players are hidden from the officers' line of sight (as displayed on the mini- map). Some missions are completed with only one character and others feature two or three. Throughout single- player, players may switch between the protagonists at will by means of a directional compass on the HUD. The game may switch between characters automatically in single- player missions to complete certain objectives. A character's compass avatar will flash red if he is in danger and needs help, and flash white if he has a strategic advantage. If an accomplice survives a successful heist, they take a cut from the cash reward. Though skills improve through play, each character has a skill with expertise by default (i. Trevor's flying skill). Michael enters bullet time in combat, Franklin slows down time while driving, and Trevor deals twice as much damage to enemies while taking half as much in combat. Each character has a smartphone for contacting friends, starting activities and accessing an in- game Internet. He meets and later befriends a gangbanger Franklin Clinton when the latter attempts to fraudulently repossess his son's car on behalf of a corrupt Armenian car salesman. When Michael discovers his wife Amanda has been sleeping with her tennis coach, he chases the coach to a mansion and destroys it out of anger. The mansion's owner turns out to be the girlfriend of Mexican drug lord Martin Madrazo, who demands compensation under the threat of further violence. Michael goes back into a life of crime to obtain the money and enlists Franklin as an accomplice. Together, they perform a jewellery shop heist to help pay the debt. Michael's sole surviving partner in the Ludendorff robbery, Trevor Philips, hears of the jewellery heist and realises that it was Michael's handiwork. The two reunite after Trevor tracks Michael down in Los Santos. The personal lives of the protagonists begin to spiral out of control. Michael's increasingly erratic behavior prompts his family to leave him, and his attempts to make something of himself bring him into conflict with Devin Weston, a self- made billionaire venture capitalist and corporate raider who develops a grudge against him. Weston vows revenge after his lawyer dies in an accident that Michael is blamed for. Franklin rescues his friend Lamar Davis from gangster and former friend Harold . Trevor's reckless efforts to consolidate his control over various black markets in Blaine County see him waging war against the San Andreas chapter of The Lost outlaw motorcycle club, a number of Latin American street gangs, rival meth dealers, government- sponsored mercenaries and Triad kingpin Wei Cheng. Federal Investigation Bureau (FIB) government agents Dave Norton and Steve Haines contact Michael and demand that he perform a series of operations with Franklin and Trevor to undermine a rival agency, the International Affairs Agency (IAA). As Haines comes under increasing scrutiny for his methods, he forces Franklin and Michael to infiltrate the FIB headquarters and erase any evidence being used against him from their servers. Michael takes the opportunity to wipe any data on his own activities, destroying Haines' leverage over him. The trio start planning their most daring feat ever: raiding the Union Depository's gold bullion reserve. Michael makes amends with his family and they start living together again after returning to Los Santos. Meanwhile, Trevor discovers that a former Ludendorff heist accomplice, Brad Snider, was not in prison as he was led to believe, but killed during the heist and buried in the grave marked for Michael. Trevor's feelings of betrayal cause friction within the group and threaten to undermine their Union Depository plans. When Michael and Norton, both of whom are betrayed by Haines, are caught in a Mexican standoff between the FIB, IAA and private security firm Merryweather, Trevor aids in their escape, holding that only he has the right to kill Michael. Despite not forgiving Michael, Trevor still wants to perform the Union Depository heist; the duo agree to part ways afterwards. The Union Depository heist is completed successfully, but Franklin is approached by two parties separately who demand that he kill Trevor or Michael. Haines and Norton contend that Trevor is a liability, and Weston wants retribution for Michael's betrayal. Franklin has three choices: kill Michael, kill Trevor or kill neither and face their enemies together. Should Franklin kill either Michael or Trevor, he ceases contact with the survivor and returns to his old life. Michael and Trevor reconcile, and the three cease working together but remain friends. The proprietary Rockstar Advanced Game Engine (RAGE) was overhauled for the game to improve its draw distance rendering capabilities. The Euphoria and Bullet software handle additional animation and rendering tasks. To reflect and reproduce Los Angeles's demographic spread, the developers studied census data and watched documentaries about the city. The team considered creating the open world the most technically demanding aspect of the game's production. Having developed two Grand Theft Auto IV episodic expansion packs featuring new protagonists in 2. Grand Theft Auto V around three simultaneously controlled protagonists. The team viewed it as a spiritual successor to many of their previous games (such as Grand Theft Auto IV, Red Dead Redemption and Max Payne 3), and designed it to improve upon their gameplay mechanics. Some of the tracks were written specifically for the game, such as rapper and producer Flying Lotus's original work composed for the Fly. Lo FM radio station he hosts. The enhanced re- release features greater draw distances and higher- resolution textures than the original versions. A re- release of the game was announced for Microsoft Windows (PC), Play. Station 4 and Xbox One at E3 2. This enhanced version features an increased draw distance, finer texture details, denser traffic, upgraded weather effects, and new wildlife and vegetation. Because of the switching mechanic, Game Informer's Matt Bertz noted that players are kept . Reviewers praised its design and similarity to Los Angeles. The departure from Grand Theft Auto IV's Liberty City was also well received. Edge praised the game's graphical fidelity and absence of load screens. Play complimented the draw distances and weather and lighting systems. They summarised the game as . Some felt that the narrative was not as well written as previous Rockstar games and cited Grand Theft Auto IV and Red Dead Redemption's plot strengths. Metacritic calculated an average score of 9. Play. Station 4 version. Of the first- person view, he said that . According to them, the . However, they wrote of frequent server disconnection, especially during load screens. This broke the record set by Call of Duty: Black Ops at two million copies over the same period. It broke the day one record by selling 1. Prior to its release, it received Most Anticipated Game at the 2. Spike Video Game Awards. Call of Duty Modern Warfare 2 Radar Hack download in description. Call of Duty Modern warfare 2 Radar Hack Download : http: //rapidshare. 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Arabidopsis Co-expression Tool (ACT): web server tools for microarray-based gene expression analysis. A plant gene family database based on the inferred proteomes of five sequenced plant species: Arabidopsis thaliana. The Arabidopsis co-expression tool (act): a WWW-based tool and database for microarray-based gene expression analysis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : AT1G01470 AT1G04480 AT1G08360. We constructed a genome-wide Arabidopsis gene co-expression network. Michalopoulos I, Bradford JR, Gilmartin PM, Westhead DR: Arabidopsis Co-expression Tool (ACT). BMC Bioinformatics ISSN: 1471-2105. Arabidopsis Co Expression Tool ActivitiesThe Arabidopsis co- expression tool (ACT): A WWW- based tool and database for microarray- based gene expression analysis. Jen, C.- H., Manfield, I. W., Michalopoulos, I., Pinney, J. W., Willats, W. G. T., Gilmartin, P. M. The Plant Journal, 4. ISSN 0. 96. 0- 7. Full text not available from this repository. We present a new WWW- based tool for plant gene analysis, the Arabidopsis Co- Expression Tool (ACT), based on a large Arabidopsis thaliana microarray data set obtained from the Nottingham Arabidopsis Stock Centre. The co- expression analysis tool allows users to identify genes whose expression patterns are correlated across selected experiments or the complete data set. Results are accompanied by estimates of the statistical significance of the correlation relationships, expressed as probability (P) and expectation (E) values. Arabidopsis Co-expression Tool (ACT): web server tools for microarray-based gene expression analysis. Manfield, Chih-Hung Jen, John W. The Arabidopsis Co-expression Tool, ACT. The Arabidopsis co-expression tool (ACT):A WWW-based tool and database for microarray-based gene expression analysis. The Arabidopsis co-expression tool (ACT) : A WWW-based tool and database for microarray-based gene expression analysis. Additionally, highly ranked genes on a correlation list can be examined using the novel CLIQUE FINDER tool to determine the sets of genes most likely to be regulated in a similar manner. In combination, these tools offer three levels of analysis: creation of correlation lists of co- expressed genes, refinement of these lists using two- dimensional scatter plots, and dissection into cliques of co- regulated genes. We illustrate the applications of the software by analysing genes encoding functionally related proteins, as well as pathways involved in plant responses to environmental stimuli. These analyses demonstrate novel biological relationships underlying the observed gene co- expression patterns. To demonstrate the ability of the software to develop testable hypotheses on gene function within a defined biological process we have used the example of cell wall biosynthesis genes. The resource is freely available at http: //www. Arabidopsis Co Expression Tool ActuatedROBLOX - Create Your Own Hat! TEMPLATE : http: //adf. GHhn. I don't play ROBLOX anymore however this video had numerous requests to update my previous 'How to make a hat on ROBLOX' tutorial. Roblox Logo Maker - Roblox Games Play. Next, download and save the . Open this badge template in Paint or Photoshop. You’ll see a white circle inside a black square. You can easily change the colors and upload your own images. Just make sure the image is appropriate for all ages. Save your artwork. Now go back to your Roblox account and click “Browse.” Navigate to the image you just created and click “Open.” Finally, click “Create.”If this doesn't work, make sure the image is inside the white circle. You can edit the badge with your image editor. Try to upload again when you’re done. You’ll have to pay 1. Robux for the badge, so click on . 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Available to download for. Management without email. Easy Task Management for Teams, To- Do List, Project Management, Team Collaboration and Online Calendar Software. Hi. Task is an online task manager, online to do list, and project management software that helps individuals and businesses effectively organize their projects and tasks. Used as online team collaboration tool by individuals, small professional teams, and businesses with several hundred employees, hi. Task is successfully implemented and utilized everyday around the world. With a simple to use interface, users can begin scheduling, assigning, and creating tasks and projects within minutes. Five Best Personal Project Management Tools. When your to- do list becomes a monster, and an item next to a checkbox will actually take a long time and multiple people to complete, you need more than a checklist to keep track of it. What you really have is a project, and you need a tool designed to manage them. This week, we're going to look at five of the best personal project management tools, based on your nominations. Earlier in the week, we asked you for the best personal project management tools to keep track of all of the moving parts in your home renovation, family reunion, birthday party, vacation plan, or other pet project you need to keep track of. When your to- dos turn into projects, you need a tool that can help you organize all of the work you . We collected your nominations, and picked out the top five. Here's what you said: Asana is a hybrid task and project manager. We covered the service when it launched back in 2. OS and Android apps, and boosted its collaboration features for both individuals and organizations.
Adding multiple projects is simple, and you can keep track of them from the left sidebar. You can structure your individual project goals and milestones as a simple checklist from start to finish, order them by date or when they need to be done, or make them dependencies so one thing can't be complete until its sub- tasks are finished. You can add more detail to any task or item, like notes, links, tags, and comments, and if you're working with others, you can see changes they've made as well. Upload attachments, set due dates. Plus, Asana packs tons of keyboard shortcuts that make using it fast. If you're looking for a tool to help you keep your projects organized, especially if you work. Best of all, they don't pare down features in the free tier. Companies like Dropbox, Pinterest, and Uber use Asana to organize their projects, and. It's worth checking out if you don't have an account. If you're a fan of Personal Kanban, or you like to use cards or post- it notes arranged in categories to orgaanize your thoughts and your tasks, Trello will appeal to you. Trello is fast, flexible, and even fun to use, and in minutes you'll organize all of the components for your projects into columns and cards that are easy to drag around, add supporting details to, comment on, and assign from person to person on your team. You can create different boards for different projects, set due dates or times for each card or set of cards, and more. Trello is even available on i. OS and Android, and its drag- and- drop interface (usually) works well on mobile devices. Just- launched webapp Trello is a simple yet powerful project management tool. More importantly, Gold is a way to support Trello if you love it, but all of the features are available for free. Trello is the project management tool of choice by teams at The Verge, The New York Times, Tumblr, and others, and it doesn't hurt that it's free and simple to get started with. One. Note is more than just a great note- taking tool (although it definitely excels at that). It can also be an excellent personal planner, and depending on how you use it, it can be a pretty solid personal project manager. We shared some of our favorite One. Note tips in our guide to being productive with what you have at the office. Among more than a fewproject management- focused designs to help you organize complex projects with lots of to- dos and moving parts. Using One. Note as a project management tool can be tricky, since it's not especially good at giving you a quick, top- down view of everything that's going on at once, but there's no reason you can't build that yourself using the tools available. Plus, once you power up One. Note with plugins like One. Tastic, or keep your files in Sky. Drive (where you can get to them and your projects using the One. Note apps for i. Phone, i. Pad, and Android), you'll find One. Note can be a remarkably powerful tool. The only downside to One. Note is the price. It's part of Microsoft Office, but you don't have to buy it along with Office. A stand- alone version will set you back $7. If you do want it as part of Office, you'll have to shell out some cash to get a licensed copy, either with a copy of Office for yourself, or a subscription to Microsoft's cloud- based office suite, Office 3. How much depends on your situation. If you have access to it at work or through a student discount, take advantage of it. Evernote is another killer note- taking tool, but when it comes to the incredible things you can do with it, the sky's the limit. We've shared some of our favorite uses for it and our thoughts on why it's so popular, but its power is clear once you start using it. Adding simple notes is a snap, creating notebooks for multiple projects or parts of your life you want to organize is simple, and searching across everything you've entered is easy too. Don't be afraid to create tons of notes and notebooks either. You can even use Evernote to digitize your pen and paper notes, documents, and other files so you can toss them into the relevant project notebook you want to save them in. Evernote has a massive ecosystem of apps that feed into it and support it, not to mention its web clipper and its i. OS and Android apps. For years, I kept hearing how awesome Evernote was: how it could store everything you possibly. Once you start using it, you'll want to get premium pretty quickly. If you're looking for a tool to organize your life, Evernote is a great one to look at, but it's just as good at organizing your kitchen remodel (imagine a notebook with all of your ideas, receipts, links and clipped pages of fixtures or appliances you want to buy, contact information for contractors, bills, notes, and a project plan, neatly organized) or your family vacation (picture a notebook with clippings of the destinations you're considering, your detailed travel budget, ticket and booking receipts, and more inside), too. Azendoo is another hybrid task and project management tool, and while there's a strong focus on teams and collaboration, it's just as easy to use it to manage your own pet projects and personal workload. Plus, Azendoo plugs into other popular services, like Evernote, Google Drive, Dropbox, and Box for storage. You do get some free storage with the service so you can upload files directly to your projects, and you can easily assign to- dos to other people, check on their status, make comments on individual tasks, track changes, and see how a project is going from a top- down view. Plus, it does it all in a simple interface that's easy to get used to and simple to use. Azendoo is a webapp, but you can take your projects on the go thanks to its i. OS and Android apps. Azendoo is free, and while there are premium plans, the free version is likely enough for most people. It comes with 1. 0GB of storage and the option to connect to all of Azendoo's supported third- party apps. Azendoo is the project management tool of choice for teams at Evernote (ironically), Cisco, Toyota, Nike, and MIT to name a few. If you've tried some of the big names above and want something different, maybe a little simpler, give it a shot. That's all there is to it! Now it's time to put the top five to a vote to determine the community favorite: The honorable mention this week goes out to Omni. Focus, which earned praise from many of you for it's elegant interface, powerful tools, and useful views that let you focus on the tasks at hand, or forecast how well the project is going overall (and whether you'll hit your target dates or not). Once you get under the hood, you'll find that Omni. Focus is extremely powerful, and can consume your time just organizing your tasks, events, due dates, and timelines. However, it's designed exclusively for Apple users, and has individual i. Phone, i. Pad, and OS X apps that you'll have to buy individually (at $2. These are just the tip of the iceberg though. We got so many suggestions this week that it's really worth going back to the original post to check out some of the ones that didn't make the top five. There's likely a tool in there for everyone, even if it didn't get enough votes to join the ones above. Vote: Omnifocus Why: I've tried so many others, but nothing else allows you to organize your? Want to make the case for your personal favorite, even if it wasn't included in the list? Remember, the top five are based on your most popular nominations from the call for contenders thread from earlier in the week. Don't just complain about the top five, let us know what your preferred alternative is. As with most Hive Five posts, if your favorite was left out, it's not because we hate it. We understand it's a bit of a popularity contest, but if you have a favorite, we want to hear about it. Have a suggestion for the Hive Five? Send us an email at tips+hivefive@lifehacker. Title photo by FAKEGRIMLOCK. Core J2. EE Patterns - Data Access Object. Context. Access to data varies depending on the source of the data. Access to persistent storage, such as to a database, varies greatly depending on the type of storage (relational databases, object- oriented databases, flat files, and so forth) and the vendor implementation. Problem. Many real- world Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2. EE) applications need to use persistent data at some point. For many applications, persistent storage is implemented with different mechanisms, and there are marked differences in the APIs used to access these different persistent storage mechanisms. Other applications may need to access data that resides on separate systems. For example, the data may reside in mainframe systems, Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) repositories, and so forth. Another example is where data is provided by services through external systems such as business- to- business (B2. B) integration systems, credit card bureau service, and so forth. Typically, applications use shared distributed components such as entity beans to represent persistent data. An application is considered to employ bean- managed persistence (BMP) for its entity beans when these entity beans explicitly access the persistent storage- the entity bean includes code to directly access the persistent storage. An application with simpler requirements may forego using entity beans and instead use session beans or servlets to directly access the persistent storage to retrieve and modify the data. Or, the application could use entity beans with container- managed persistence, and thus let the container handle the transaction and persistent details. Applications can use the JDBC API to access data residing in a relational database management system (RDBMS). The JDBC API enables standard access and manipulation of data in persistent storage, such as a relational database. This article explains the DAO design pattern. The Data Access Object (DAO) pattern is now a widely accepted mechanism to abstract away the details of persistence in an.The JDBC API enables J2. EE applications to use SQL statements, which are the standard means for accessing RDBMS tables. However, even within an RDBMS environment, the actual syntax and format of the SQL statements may vary depending on the particular database product. There is even greater variation with different types of persistent storage. Access mechanisms, supported APIs, and features vary between different types of persistent stores such as RDBMS, object- oriented databases, flat files, and so forth. Applications that need to access data from a legacy or disparate system (such as a mainframe, or B2. What is DAO factory pattern? I am aware of factory and abstract factory methods, but I want to create a DAO factory pattern. What is difference between factory design pattern and DAO. B service) are often required to use APIs that may be proprietary. Such disparate data sources offer challenges to the application and can potentially create a direct dependency between application code and data access code. When business components- entity beans, session beans, and even presentation components like servlets and helper objects for Java. Server Pages (JSP) pages - -need to access a data source, they can use the appropriate API to achieve connectivity and manipulate the data source. But including the connectivity and data access code within these components introduces a tight coupling between the components and the data source implementation. Such code dependencies in components make it difficult and tedious to migrate the application from one type of data source to another. When the data source changes, the components need to be changed to handle the new type of data source.
Forces. Components such as bean- managed entity beans, session beans, servlets, and other objects like helpers for JSP pages need to retrieve and store information from persistent stores and other data sources like legacy systems, B2. B, LDAP, and so forth. Persistent storage APIs vary depending on the product vendor. Other data sources may have APIs that are nonstandard and/or proprietary. These APIs and their capabilities also vary depending on the type of storage- RDBMS, object- oriented database management system (OODBMS), XML documents, flat files, and so forth. There is a lack of uniform APIs to address the requirements to access such disparate systems. Components typically use proprietary APIs to access external and/or legacy systems to retrieve and store data. Portability of the components is directly affected when specific access mechanisms and APIs are included in the components. Components need to be transparent to the actual persistent store or data source implementation to provide easy migration to different vendor products, different storage types, and different data source types. Solution. Use a Data Access Object (DAO) to abstract and encapsulate all access to the data source. The DAO manages the connection with the data source to obtain and store data. The DAO implements the access mechanism required to work with the data source. The data source could be a persistent store like an RDBMS, an external service like a B2. B exchange, a repository like an LDAP database, or a business service accessed via CORBA Internet Inter- ORB Protocol (IIOP) or low- level sockets. The business component that relies on the DAO uses the simpler interface exposed by the DAO for its clients. The DAO completely hides the data source implementation details from its clients. Because the interface exposed by the DAO to clients does not change when the underlying data source implementation changes, this pattern allows the DAO to adapt to different storage schemes without affecting its clients or business components. Essentially, the DAO acts as an adapter between the component and the data source. Structure. Figure 9. DAO pattern. Figure 9. Data Access Object. Participants and Responsibilities. Figure 9. 2 contains the sequence diagram that shows the interaction between the various participants in this pattern. Figure 9. 2 Data Access Object sequence diagram. Business. Object. The Business. Object represents the data client. It is the object that requires access to the data source to obtain and store data. A Business. Object may be implemented as a session bean, entity bean, or some other Java object, in addition to a servlet or helper bean that accesses the data source. Data. Access. Object. The Data. Access. Object is the primary object of this pattern. The Data. Access. Object abstracts the underlying data access implementation for the Business. Object to enable transparent access to the data source. The Business. Object also delegates data load and store operations to the Data. Access. Object. Data. Source. This represents a data source implementation. A data source could be a database such as an RDBMS, OODBMS, XML repository, flat file system, and so forth. A data source can also be another system (legacy/mainframe), service (B2. B service or credit card bureau), or some kind of repository (LDAP). Transfer. Object. This represents a Transfer Object used as a data carrier. The Data. Access. Object may use a Transfer Object to return data to the client. The Data. Access. Object may also receive the data from the client in a Transfer Object to update the data in the data source. Strategies. Automatic DAO Code Generation Strategy. Since each Business. Object corresponds to a specific DAO, it is possible to establish relationships between the Business. Object, DAO, and underlying implementations (such as the tables in an RDBMS). Once the relationships are established, it is possible to write a simple application- specific code- generation utility that generates the code for all DAOs required by the application. The metadata to generate the DAO can come from a developer- defined descriptor file. Alternatively, the code generator can automatically introspect the database and provide the necessary DAOs to access the database. If the requirements for DAOs are sufficiently complex, consider using third- party tools that provide object- to- relational mapping for RDBMS databases. These tools typically include GUI tools to map the business objects to the persistent storage objects and thereby define the intermediary DAOs. The tools automatically generate the code once the mapping is complete, and may provide other value- added features such as results caching, query caching, integration with application servers, integration with other third- party products (e. Factory for Data Access Objects Strategy. The DAO pattern can be made highly flexible by adopting the Abstract Factory . The class diagram for this case is shown in Figure 9. Figure 9. 3 Factory for Data Access Object strategy using Factory Method. When the underlying storage is subject to change from one implementation to another, this strategy may be implemented using the Abstract Factory pattern. The Abstract Factory can in turn build on and use the Factory Method implementation, as suggested in Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object- Oriented Software . In this case, this strategy provides an abstract DAO factory object (Abstract Factory) that can construct various types of concrete DAO factories, each factory supporting a different type of persistent storage implementation. Once you obtain the concrete DAO factory for a specific implementation, you use it to produce DAOs supported and implemented in that implementation. The class diagram for this strategy is shown in Figure 9. This class diagram shows a base DAO factory, which is an abstract class that is inherited and implemented by different concrete DAO factories to support storage implementation- specific access. The client can obtain a concrete DAO factory implementation such as Rdb. DAOFactory and use it to obtain concrete DAOs that work with that specific storage implementation. For example, the data client can obtain an Rdb. DAOFactory and use it to get specific DAOs such as Rdb. Customer. DAO, Rdb. Account. DAO, and so forth. 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